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Geowissenschaften

Gymnasium Laurentianum Warendorf

2012

Pia P. ©
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The pros and cons of Globalization

Presentation of results


Inhaltsverzeichnis

What is globalization?1

Overview: Pros and Cons of Globalization. 2

Impact of Globalization. 4

The disadvantages of globalization. 5

The positive side of globalization. 6

 

What is globalization?

Globalization refers to the absence of the walls of matchboxes that every country had, between themselves based on suspicion, mutual distrust and ambition. We were different countries, in fact divided into worlds, and therefore could never manage to deal with natural holocausts and deadly epidemics, which time and again challenged us.

Globalization has strengthened the nexus and has helped us to know each other's need in a better way. It has helped to demolish those walls that separated us and curbed our natural identity of being fellow human beings. Globalization has primarily become a fiscal term but its impact is not limited to the economy of the countries only, the term globalization actually refers to every aspect of life like cultural, social, psychological and of course, political.

It is true that the impact of globalization is visible and affects largely the politics and the economy of the country but its effect on the mindset and the culture is noticeable gradually in the way people think and react. It's like the Iceberg theory wherein what we do and say are at the tip and what we think and believe is at the base.

The base is not visible but manifestations at the top are conspicuous. It applies here as well where people do not change abruptly but may be after a decade the change starts showing and seems radical. Globalization is not a new phenomena, the base was laid long back when the Dutch East India Company and the British East India Company started trading with India.

In history there were trade relations between different countries like Arab and Egypt and now in modern times that has translated into Globalization or Free Trade. It's true that ultimately all the free trade resulted in the white man taking the burden proactively but then globalization leads to more employment and higher standard of living, especially among the developing countries.

Theories suggest that globalization leads to efficient use of resources and benefits all who are involved.


According to libertarians, globalization will help the whole world to deal with crises like unemployment and poverty. It will help us to raise the global economy only when the involved power blocks have mutual trust and respect for each other's opinion.

Globalization and democracy should go hand in hand. It should be pure business with no colonialist designs. The way we have developed in the last 10 years, globalization seems to have given us good returns. Globalization has made the life of the third world citizen completely a different story.

There are so many foreign companies that have made way to Orient and have made India a brand name all over the world.


Pros and Cons of Globalization

The pros of Globalization are many and they are as follows:

  • Now there is a worldwide market for the companies and for the people there is more access to products of different countries.
  • There is a steady cash flow into the developing countries, which gradually decrease the dollar difference.
  • Due to the presence of a worldwide market, there is an increase in the production sector and there are lots of options for the companies now.
  • Gradually there is a world power that is being created instead of compartmentalized power sectors. Politics is merging and decisions that are being taken, are actually beneficial for people all over the world.
  • There is more influx of information between two countries, which do not have anything in common between them.
  • There is cultural intermingling and each other is trying to know about the other's cultural preferences and in the process of doing so, we are actually coming across things that we like and in the course of time adopt it.
  • Since we share financial interests, corporate and governments are trying to sort out ecological problems for each other.
  • Socially we have become more open and tolerant towards each other and they who live in the other part of the world are not aliens as we always thought. There are examples like now Indian girls work in call centers and work nights, which was a taboo even two years back. We are celebrating Valentine's Day, scraping on Orkut, watching the Idol series, Fear factor, the Indian version Big Brother.
  • There is a lot of technological development that we have undergone over the years. There are fewer brain drains since Asians are working in their own country though for a foreign company but are earning foreign exchange for their country.

There are cons as many as pros, which are as follows:

The marginal are getting a chance to exhibit in the world market. The term "brand" is catching up in the Asian countries.


It, however, is not only modernizing but also westernizing and to an extent also sinicizing the native cultures. The power play is leading to the linguicide or linguistic, cultural and traditional genocide. That is probably where we need to keep a check and not let diffusion go wild.

There has been significant de-localization that needs individuals to be more tolerant since face-to-face interaction is no more the order of the day. One American is trying to sort out his billing issue of his mobile phone with an Indian who is not a direct employee of the service provider.

Now that sounds complicated and is complicated and has to be dealt carefully.

People around the globe are more connected to each other then ever before. Information and money flow more quickly than ever. Goods and services produced in one part of the world are increasingly available in all parts of the world. International travel is more frequent and international communication is commonplace.


The disadvantages of globalization

1. “The general complaint about globalization is that it has made the rich richer while making the non-rich poorer. It is wonderful for managers and investors, but hell on workers and nature.”1

2. Multinational corporations are accused of social injustice, unfair working conditions (including slave labor wages and poor living and working conditions), as well as a lack of concern for the environment, mismanagement of natural resources, and ecological damage. 

3.  Multinational corporations which were previously restricted to commercial activities are increasingly influencing political decisions. Many think there is a threat of corporations ruling the world because they are gaining power due to globalization.

5. Anti-globalists also claim that globalization is not working for the majority of the world. During the most recent period of rapid growth in global trade and investment, 1960 to 1998, inequality worsened both internationally and within countries. The UN Development Program reports that the richest 20 percent of the world's population consume 86 percent of the world's resources, while the poorest 80 percent consume just 14 percent.

6. Some experts think that globalization is also leading to the incursion of communicable diseases. Deadly diseases like HIV/AIDS are being spread by travelers to the remotest corners of the globe.

7. Globalization has led to exploitation of labor. Prisoners and child workers are used to work in inhumane conditions. Safety standards are ignored to produce cheap goods. There is also an increase in human trafficking.


The positive side of globalization

Globalization has a positive side as well. Supporters of globalization argue that it has the potential to make this world a better place to live in and solve some deep-seated problems like unemployment and poverty. The marginal are getting a chance to exhibit in the world market.

Here are some other arguments for globalization:

1. The proponents of global free trade say that it promotes global economic growth, creates jobs, makes companies more competitive, and lowers prices for consumers. It also provides poor countries, through infusions of foreign capital and technology, with the chance to develop economically and by spreading prosperity creates the conditions in which democracy and respect for human rights may flourish.

3. Now there is a worldwide market for companies and consumers to access products from different countries.

4. There is a world power that is being created gradually, instead of compartmentalized power sectors. Politics are merging and decisions that are being made are actually beneficial for people all over the world.

5 There is more influx of information between two countries.

6. There is cultural intermingling. Each country is learning more about other cultures.

7.  Since we share financial interests, corporations and governments are trying to sort out ecological problems for each other.

8. Socially we have become more open and tolerant towards each other, and people who live in the other part of the world are not considered aliens.


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