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Fenwicke-Clennell

12th October How accurate is it to say that there were major changes to the role of parliament in the years 1529-88? (20 marks)

In this essay I will explore the aspects of changes of government in the years 1529-88 and the effect it had on the role in parliament. The importance of this essay is to see the accuracy in terms the how correct it is too see there were indeed major changes. Parliament consist of two chambers, the unelected House of Lords and the elected House of commons.

To be elected it was necessary to own property that brought in an income of at least 40 shilling per year.

Firstly, the use of parliament made by all monarchs of the period were used to force religious changes. In 1529, Historians called the parliament the reformation parliament. This is because Henry used parliament more frequently in the latter years of his reign for various issues.

One of these issues was the annulment of marriage to Catherine of Aragon and the failure by Wolsey to secure this meant they were still looking for way of doing so. Henry at the time was threatening to use his parliament as a method to put pressure on Clement VII to act.

This blackmail didn’t work. And so Henry was looking for solutions to do so. In January 1532, Cromwell was appointed to the king’s council and he used parliament to pass laws that would give Henry Royal supremacy and the confiscation of monastic lands. Later in 1534 the church broke with Rome and the king had the right to secure annulment of Catherine marriage.

Also, the dissolution of the monasteries was a huge financial boost for Henry to his foreign policy. Both of these examples link to the question of major changes were happening under parliament as it showed change over time from ‘king and parliament’ to ‘king in parliament’ and reforming changes of a protestant church and foreign policy were key .....[read full text]

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She was forced by precedent to use her parliament to reverse the changes undertaken by Mary and to restore the royal supremacy. The role of parliament did change under Elizabeth. The number of MPs in the House of Commons had grown from 302 in 1512 to 402 in 1559 and 462 by 1586. With the growing parliament the more assertive they became.

With the issues of the assertiveness it led to some conflict between queen and her parliaments concerning their right to freedom of speech. Elizabeth claimed they were able to talk about matters pf the ‘commonweal’ but not the right to talk about ‘matters of the state’.

Parliaments assertiveness meant in 15666 councils was forced to allow parliament to debate marriage and succession. In return, parliament agrees to discuss a grant of taxation. Elisabeth royal prerogative as an attempt to reduce parliaments powers. This all intertwine as one into major changes to the role of parliament in Elizabeth reign because when parliament get on top Elizabeth powers brings parliament down and at the time with women have limited power she controlled a male dominated parliament very well and together they created major changes.

However, on the other hand there aren’t major changes in parliament in the years 1529-88. One such example was the existence of the ‘puritan choir’. This puritan choir were a small group religiously radical protestants who had returned from exile under Mary and were determined to use parliament to create a more extreme religious settlement for Elizabeth.

This is one example where parliament didn’t change under any circumstances.

Another example is parliaments failure to refuse monarchs when they asked for taxation. This never changed throughout Tudor dynasty as they would go to parliament asking for taxes and they often were reluctant to say no. This links also to the infrequent use of parliament throughout time in the Tudor dynasty as they were only called upon when the monarch needed them and also monarchs always had key influences in what was said in parliament.

The monarch’s role may have changed throughout the 59 years however these didn’t change and these form the argument the accuracy of major changes in parliament. Parliament weren’t consistently used on a day-day bases as is now and they were an infrequent event in a monarch’s reign and when royal policies came out they didn’t oppose any threat against it and pass st.....

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