Problems in South Africa
Introduction:
In spite of the uptrend in South Africa
since the choices in 1994 there are still very big social problems. Thus blacks
are also paid after the end of the apartheid mostly still by far worse than
whiteness. Big parts of the population live in Townships beyond the cities.
Besides, it concerns the residential districts in which in spite of positive
development the standard of living is also very low even today. The span
between poor and rich population is still big. While the rich inhabitants of
the land, still mainly whiteness, but meanwhile also increasingly blacks, in
concluded housing developments live which are often surrounded by fences and
security staff, the majority of the arms, primarily black citizens, in the
Townships lives and finds only hard connection in From and continuing education
possibilities of the South African state. AIDS is in spite of the efforts on
the part of the government furthermore a main problem. Another big problem is
the enormously high crime rate and the brutality of the crimes which has
manifested itself especially in the big cities.
Health:
The AIDS which counts as a "
ticking time bomb “ of the land belongs to the biggest health problems of South
Africa. In 2004 about 21.5% of the South African population were infected according
to official estimates between 15 and 49 years with the HI virus. With it the
rate lies internationally on one of the front places to Swaziland with
respected 40%. The official number of the infected is the worldwide
second-highest with about 5.2 millions in South Africa, directly to India. This
development and the other propagation of the illness have dramatic demographic
results for the land: the life expectancy decreased during the last 15 years by
about 20 years, from just 65 1990 for 43 2005. The causes for the still steady
propagation of HIV/AIDS lie according to UNAIDS with the early sexual activity
of the youngsters (the average age with the first sexual intercourse amounts
with men 16.4 years and with women 17 years) in connection with bad or simply
not of available prevention clarification. With 15 to Neunzehnjährigen 4.8% are
infected, with the 20-year-old to 24-year-old already 16.5%. Also sexual power
seems to play a big role in South Africa: about 28% of the women indicate to
have been pushed already at least once against her will to the sexual
intercourse. The land shows the highest rate in rapes in the world. About
52,000 cases are registered every year. The dark figure is higher estimated by
organisations of human rights around a multiple and reach up to 1.5 millions
per year. According to a study of the United Nations the land in the
period booked in 1998-2000 the worldwide first place with the number of the
rapes per inhabitant. In the UNAIDS report in 2006 is estimated that in 2005 in
South Africa 320,000 people died in connection with AIDS. [18] in 2004 the
baby's mortality lay in South Africa with 54 per 1000 births. In 2006 amounted
to the health expenses 8.6% of the BIP.
Crime:
The criminal activity is in spite of
constant efforts of the government and the police still a very big problem. In
spite of trends sinking for many years South Africa has the highest crime rate
among the countries in which reliable police statistics exist.
During twelve years between the end of
the apartheid in 1994 and 2006 were killed police of South Africa according to
more than 420,000 people and were indicated more than 650,000 rapes (55,000
rapes in 2007); the dark figure lies according to estimates up to 20-fold
higher. With one in the provinces of Eastern cape and Kwazulu-Natal carried out
study 27.6% of all questioned men indicated to have violated a woman already at
least once. Converted on the population figures can be calculated therefore on
clearly more than six million rapes in last decades. Every second South African
must calculate statistically to be violated once in her life. With it it is
more probably to be violated for a woman than to learn to read. Between 1994
and 2001 were killed by more than 5500 raids on remote farms more than 1100 whiteness.
In the population a feeling of the
indifference has spread, in the meantime. Only especially crude murders and
rapes or public figures, the victims of criminal offences will provide for a
short scream of outrage and terror. At the same time the politics tries the
problem kleinzureden: President Jacob Zuma explained, the media generated only
the impression of a high criminal activity, the former president Thabo Mbeki
spoke of a "perception problem".
Though the country registers clear
progress (decline of the murders about 8.5 % , the physical injuries about 31.4
% , the raids about 38.0 % , but an increase of the sexual crimes about 8.2 %
and the drug offences even about 86.9 % in the period from 2003 to 2009). With
it will be reached the aim put in 2004 of the government to lower the number of
heavy crimes every year about 7-10% in some areas, in others, however, not.
Above all the high murder and rape rates still show a big menace for the
population what leads, among the rest, to the fact that just well-to-do South
Africans move in suburbs to live there in barred and guarded residential
districts and to be able to enjoy the (relative) security in these areas.
The reasons for the criminal activity
lie primarily with the big social inequality and the extreme contrasts of poor
(mostly black) and rich citizens in the towns of South Africa. As mentioned,
the criminal activity rate with increasing success has decreased what lies,
among the rest, also with the stronger and stronger growing black middle class
by which the gap becomes lower between rich and poor. Because the unemployment
is still especially high in the black population group, however, and there
often extreme.
Vokabeln:
Beyond-außerhalb
Township- Siedlung für schwarze, farbige und indische
Apartheid- Rassentrennung
Span- Abgrenzung
Increasingly- zunehmend
Efforts- bemühungen